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The South Asia region is a large potential market area. To reinforcing the relationship between and among countries in South Asia and the ASEAN region, economic integration in and around South Asia is required, especially considering recent rapid economic growth in India. Land transport infrastructure was the main focus of the study, including roads, railways, dry ports, and facilities at border crossing points, in the subject countries. Specific tasks included assessment of (i) prospects for industry and trade in the region, and private sector proposals for infrastructure; (ii) the present logistics system and prospects; (iii) the current status of border-crossing procedures; (iv) recent projects to improve soft and hard infrastructure for regional connectivity, including roads, railways, and facilities at border crossing points; and (v) social and environmental impacts, including assessment of refugee issues.